Fiber-cement composition and method and apparatus for forming same



IUD. UUIVHUSI I IUND comma OR PLASTIC Cross R f w I Exammer R. H. ANDERSON. FIBER CEMENT COMPOSITION AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAME. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 18, 1919.

1 108,241 PateITtedFeb. 28, 1922 To all 'whom at Ambler,

.- fined to the surface,

a ing a colored surface 5 merging plied to'the composition whenthe latteris for-"9? UNITED STATE SWPATENT ol l lilz.v

ROBERT ANDERSON, OI PENNSYLFANIA.

SINGLE, SLATE & SHEATHING COMPANY,

rmmcn mn'r conrosmon AND xnraon' m arramrus ron. rename sum.-

"assrexoa m. mam a coaroauxou or 2mm concern:

Be it known that I, Ronsn'r H. Amma- SON, a citizen of the United States, residing in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain ,new and useful Improvements in Fiber-Cement Compositions and Methods and, Apparatus for Form' \S'ame, of which the followin is a specification.

This invention re ates to cement and fiber compositionssuch as used in roofing, shingles, builders boards, artificial slate, etc.,

and particularly to coloring the same. Such material has a natural grey color which is diflicult to overcome without using large uantities of expensive coloring matter,

t e presence of whichin the material has also proven objectionable in weakenin the latter. It is therefore highlydesirabe to a Specification mew-ment. Patented Feb. 28, 1922. Application filed December 18, .1919. Serial llo. 845,725.

wet so as to form a unitary into 1 mass.

but there results from' this a ten ency for the body of 'the composition to absorb some avoid'this objectionable change of color confine the coloring to the surface of the final product so as to both avoid weakening it and save the cost of the coloring matter I hitherto difi'used throughout the interior of the mass. A surface coloring ful has beeln success y appliedto the composition uring its formation but, often, and particularly with some of the lighter shades, there is a tendency for the 'naturalcenrent color to affect the coloring in the final unfavorabl reens and reds for instance are product.

lightened and changed in their color composition.

- The object of this invention is to provide a product in which the coloring, while conwill not be unfavorably aflected by the body ofthe composition, but

g will havethe true color. value desired.

" In the accompanying drawing illustrat this invention 1 ig. 1 is a sectional view of'one embodiment of the product of this invention,

2 is a diagram illustrating a process of this invention,

Fig. 3 is a sectionalfl'view of another product of this invention, and

Fig. 4-is a diagram illustrating'a modified process.

In theembodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 'a portion of the asbestos cement composition product is shown havand com ositlon integral with the body of the 6. ap-

e colored surface is prefera ly 'body of giving it a weakened unnatural hue. To

product of this invention has the compositlon 6, or particularly that part of it adacent the colored surface 5, darkened or tinted to combine with-the coloring 5. For

instance .to avoid weakening a red or green color mthe surface 5, the composition 6 be darkened as with manganese oxide, carbon black or aphite, with the result that the deep red 0 the iron will not be be weakenedby the 'fiomprsition beneath.

' auxi 'a arkenin or colo ma be difl'used ry g mg y confined, to the parts adjacent the surface 5.. For mstance as illustrated in Fig. 2 the may have the auxiliary coloring or shading appl ed to its surface as by roll 11 in advance of the application of the surface colfiring-by roll 12, and a roller .13 or other -mto the fiber cement composition 6, so that the composition and all the coloring matl the tors integrally merge and set together the coloring p rmeating in and. being held by the cement fiber composition.

auxiliary or indirect shading or tinting requires little coloring matter and saves in the amount of the main color used and it also permitscombinations of coloring ingredients which will not mix well diand the range'of colors is increased. same time the proper formation of the main compositionis not interfered with asthe amount of auxiliary color" is very small and inexpensive, and the lid beposition remains unweakened. -Where as in Flg. 3 the product is built up the the composition 9 on belt 10 may be colored throughout in mixing orthrough the composition ,6 or

. tween the-surface and the-body of the comin layer formation the surface 25 of the .layer composition 26 will be impregnated by the color and an auxiliary color or shading will be mixed with one or more layers of the composition 26 or applied as an undersurfacing just beneath the main coloring. For instance as illustrated in Fig. 4 belt 35 may receive deposits of the composition from rollers 36, 37 and 38 in vats, 39, 40 and 41 respectively. The compositionjn vat 41 will be colored as by red oxide of iron and will be intermittently applied so as to be confined to the surface 0 the product. The composition in vats 39 and 40, or of vat 40' alone, may be darkened as by lamp black;

' 54 on axle 53 of roll 52 as material on cylinder 50 builds up to a certain thickness. When this thickness is reached the material is removed from cylinder 50 and then the fresh material collected thereon will have its surface colored from vat 41. Removal of the material from cylinder 50 permits the gate 55 to close so that only a small increment of coloring matter flows into vat 41 and this is quickly exhausted and the color confined to these surfaces which are the finished surfaces of the final product. Vhere vat 40 is also provided with an intermittent feed its coloring will only appear underlying the coloring from vat 41.

In the product of this invention colors may becombined which cannot be directly mixed. For instance it has been found difficult to darken some natural shades of green by mixing the green coloring matter with a darkening mat-ter'such as lamp black, graphite or manganese oxide. In such case with a green coloring at roll 12 or vat 41, and the darkening material on roll 11 or in vat 40,

the desired combination can be easil allowed and the final pure color be deve oped and ma also be confined to the surface of the pro not, though in some cases it may be advantageous to mix the auxiliary coloring or shading matter with the entire body of the asbestos cement composition.

I claim:

1. A product comprising a body of hydraulic cement and fiber having coloring matter incorporated in it, and a surface layer comprising a different coloring matter pressed together with said body and integrally set therewith, said colorin matters cooperatin to give the final sur ace color to the pro uct.

2. A product comprising a body of hydraulic cement and fiber having coloring matter incorporated in it adjacent its sur- Cross Reference ferent colorin and coloring matter and a surface film ofsimilar material colored with a lighter color the whole being subjected to pressure and the cement set.

5. A product comprising a mass of worked up hydraulic cement, water, fibrous material and coloring matter of blackish color and-a surface film of similar material colored with a reddish color impregnation of lighter color, the whole being subjected to pressure and the cement set.

- 6. A product comprising a mass of worked up hydraulic cement, water, fibrous material and coloring matter with manganese oxide and a surface film of similar material colored with red oxide of iron, impregnation of lighter color, the whole being subjected to pressure and the cement set.

7. A product'comprising a plurality of layers of colored hydraulic cement, water and fibrous material, and an outside layer of similar material colored with a lighter color,

the several layers being pressed together and,

the cement set.

8. The rocess of makinghydraulic cement and fiber products compris1 up hydraulic cement, fibrous material, water and coloring matter to produce a wet composition havin a certaln colori impre nating the su ace of said com osition wit a second coloring confined to t e surface of said composition and cooperating in desired manner with said prior coloring, subjecting the whole to pressure to form it into an integral mass, and permitting it to set to integrally bind said colorings ini the body of the set composition.

9. The rocess of making hydraulic cement and fiber products comprisln working up hydraulic cement, fibrous material, water and coloring matter to produce a wet composition having a certain coloring, flowing a second coloring on the surface of said composition, working the second coloring into an integral mass with said composition, and permitting the whole to set to inte ally bind said colorings in'the body of t 0 set composition.

10. The process of coloring hydraulic cement and fiber roducts comprising coloring the composition with one color, and subsequently and while the composition is wet Examiner working depositing on the surface a difierent colormg cooperating with the first coloring in of similar material colored with a coloring matter, and then subjecting desired manner, subjecting the whole to pressure to form it into an integral mass,

and permittin itto set to integrally bind the colors int c product.

11. The process which consists in work ing hydraulic cement, water, fibrous material and a dark coloring matter, to form a plurality of layers, applying thereto an outside layer of similar material colored .the mass to set.

13. In a paratus for making hydraulic cement an fiber products the combination with means for working hydraulic cement,

fiber, water and coloring matter into a composition'of a certain surface color, of means for applymg-a second color to the surface of said composition andworking said sec- 0nd color with said composition to form an that the final set product will integrally contain the said colors.

14. In apparatus for making hydraulic cement and fiber products the combination with means for working hydraulic cement, fiber, water and coloring matter into a continuous composition on a belt surface, of asubsequent roller adapted to ap ly to the surface ,of said composition a di erent coloring matter, and means for working said colors with said composition to form an integral mass which'upon setting will solidly bind said colors in the surface of the final product.

15. The combination of means for mixing hydraulic cement, water, -fibrous material and coloring matter, means for forming the same in sheet form, means for applying integral mass so thereto a surface layer of similar material colored with alighter coloring matter and means for apply g pressure to the mass beforethe cement sets.

16. The combination of means .for mixin hydraulic cement, water, fibrous materia and coloring matter,-means for building up a plurality of layers thereof, means for intermittently applying a layer of similar material colored with a llghter coloring matter, and means for pressing the several layers together before the cementsets.

ROBERT H. ANDERSON. 

